{"id":19804,"date":"2025-07-01T03:19:11","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T03:19:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/?p=19804"},"modified":"2025-10-16T01:54:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-16T01:54:52","slug":"ultrasonic-level-meter-universal-power-adaptation-test-and-grounding-solutions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/es\/ultrasonic-level-meter-universal-power-adaptation-test-and-grounding-solutions\/","title":{"rendered":"Soluciones de prueba de adaptaci\u00f3n de alimentaci\u00f3n universal y conexi\u00f3n a tierra para medidores de nivel ultras\u00f3nicos"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Antecedentes del problema: anomal\u00edas causadas por fuentes de alimentaci\u00f3n universales<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Durante el uso de los medidores de nivel ultras\u00f3nicos de la serie KUS con fuentes de alimentaci\u00f3n universales de 220 V a 24 V\/12 V, los clientes se encontraron con dos problemas principales:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Fallo en la comunicaci\u00f3n serie (interrupci\u00f3n de la comunicaci\u00f3n RS485);<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Desviaci\u00f3n en la medici\u00f3n (la distancia real de 3 m presentaba fluctuaciones de alrededor de 1 m).
    M\u00f3dulos de potencia probados:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • M\u00f3dulo de 220 V CA a 24 V CC<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • M\u00f3dulo de 220 V CA a 12 V CC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      2. Informe de pruebas del m\u00f3dulo de alimentaci\u00f3n de 12 V CC<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

      Tabla 1: Pasos y resultados de la prueba del m\u00f3dulo de alimentaci\u00f3n de 12 V<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Paso de prueba<\/th>Detalles de la operaci\u00f3n<\/th>Resultados de las pruebas<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      1. Medici\u00f3n de ondulaciones<\/td>Puntas de osciloscopio conectadas a V+ y V-, acoplamiento en CA, ancho de banda m\u00e1ximo de 20 MHz<\/td>Ondulaci\u00f3n: onda triangular de 20-30 mV, lo que descarta la ondulaci\u00f3n como causa de los errores de medici\u00f3n<\/td><\/tr>
      2. Prueba sin conexi\u00f3n a tierra<\/td>El m\u00f3dulo de alimentaci\u00f3n no est\u00e1 conectado a tierra; el sensor mide una distancia real de 3 m<\/td>La lectura oscilaba en torno a 1 m; el ajuste del umbral no era v\u00e1lido; volvi\u00f3 a la normalidad tras cambiar a la fuente de alimentaci\u00f3n de laboratorio<\/td><\/tr>
      3. Prueba de conexi\u00f3n a tierra<\/td>El m\u00f3dulo de alimentaci\u00f3n est\u00e1 conectado a tierra; los cables de los sensores se mantienen alejados de los cables de 220 V<\/td>La medici\u00f3n es precisa (3 m); los errores volvieron a aparecer cuando los cables se acercaron a los cables de 220 V<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      3. Prueba del m\u00f3dulo de alimentaci\u00f3n de 24 V CC y an\u00e1lisis de fallos de comunicaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

      Tabla 2: Prueba del m\u00f3dulo de alimentaci\u00f3n de 24 V frente a problemas de comunicaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Escenario de prueba<\/th>Estado de inmovilizaci\u00f3n<\/th>Rendimiento de la comunicaci\u00f3n RS485<\/th>Resultados de las mediciones<\/th>Caracter\u00edsticas de las ondas de interferencia<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      Prueba est\u00e1ndar<\/td>Sin conexi\u00f3n a tierra<\/td>Fallos frecuentes de comunicaci\u00f3n, conexi\u00f3n intermitente<\/td>Mediciones anormales, ajuste del umbral no v\u00e1lido<\/td>Interferencia pico a pico: 13 V, 50 Hz (acoplamiento a la red el\u00e9ctrica)<\/td><\/tr>
      Prueba optimizada<\/td>Conectado a tierra + GND conectado a V-<\/td>Comunicaci\u00f3n estable, sin interrupciones<\/td>Mediciones precisas que se corresponden con la distancia real<\/td>No se observan interferencias evidentes (Figura 3)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Causa principal del fallo de comunicaci\u00f3n<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Si los pines V+ y V- quedan sin conexi\u00f3n, se crea una diferencia de potencial entre las se\u00f1ales RS485 y tierra, lo que provoca interferencias.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Soluci\u00f3n: Conecta a tierra el terminal V- para eliminar la diferencia de potencial (Figura 4).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        4. Cuatro puntos clave para la adaptaci\u00f3n universal de la alimentaci\u00f3n el\u00e9ctrica (Resumen)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        1. Prioridad de conexi\u00f3n a tierra<\/strong>: El m\u00f3dulo de potencia debe estar bien conectado a tierra para que V- coincida con el potencial de tierra;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. Se\u00f1al de tierra com\u00fan<\/strong>: Conecta GND a V- para eliminar la diferencia de potencial en RS485;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. Aislamiento de cables<\/strong>: Mantenga una distancia de al menos 30 cm entre los cables del sensor y los cables de 220 V;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        4. Advertencia de seguridad<\/strong>: Evite que los cables de los sensores entren en contacto con la tensi\u00f3n de 220 V para prevenir descargas el\u00e9ctricas.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          5. Comparaci\u00f3n de formas de onda y supresi\u00f3n de interferencias<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

          (1) Interferencia de V+ a tierra (sin conexi\u00f3n a tierra)<\/strong>: 42,8 V pico a pico, interferencias de la red el\u00e9ctrica a 50 Hz; ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          (2) Se\u00f1al RS485 (con conexi\u00f3n a tierra)<\/strong>: Interferencias eliminadas, estabilidad de la comunicaci\u00f3n 100%. .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            <\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            1. Problem Background: Anomalies Caused by Universal Power Supplies During the use of KUS series ultrasonic level meters with 220V to 24V\/12V universal power supplies, customers encountered two key issues: 2. 12V DC Power Module Test Record Table 1: 12V Power Module Test Steps and Results Test Step Operation Details Test Results 1. Ripple Measurement […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ultrasonic-sensor"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19804"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19804\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}