{"id":19804,"date":"2025-07-01T03:19:11","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T03:19:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/?p=19804"},"modified":"2025-10-16T01:54:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-16T01:54:52","slug":"ultrasonic-level-meter-universal-power-adaptation-test-and-grounding-solutions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/fr\/ultrasonic-level-meter-universal-power-adaptation-test-and-grounding-solutions\/","title":{"rendered":"Solutions de test d'adaptation universelle de l'alimentation et de mise \u00e0 la terre pour les jauges de niveau \u00e0 ultrasons"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Contexte du probl\u00e8me : anomalies caus\u00e9es par les blocs d'alimentation universels<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Lors de l'utilisation des jauges de niveau \u00e0 ultrasons de la s\u00e9rie KUS \u00e9quip\u00e9es d'alimentations universelles de 220 V \u00e0 24 V\/12 V, les clients ont rencontr\u00e9 deux probl\u00e8mes majeurs :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. D\u00e9faillance de la communication s\u00e9rie (interruption de la communication RS485) ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u00c9cart de mesure (la distance r\u00e9elle de 3 m pr\u00e9sentait des variations de l'ordre de 1 m).
    Modules de puissance test\u00e9s :<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • Module de conversion 220 V CA vers 24 V CC<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Module de conversion de 220 V CA en 12 V CC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      2. Rapport d'essai du module d'alimentation 12 V CC<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

      Tableau 1 : \u00c9tapes et r\u00e9sultats des tests du module d'alimentation 12 V<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u00c9tape de test<\/th>D\u00e9tails de l'op\u00e9ration<\/th>R\u00e9sultats des tests<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      1. Mesure des ondulations<\/td>Sondes d'oscilloscope connect\u00e9es \u00e0 V+ et V-, couplage alternatif, bande passante maximale de 20 MHz<\/td>Ondulation : onde triangulaire de 20 \u00e0 30 mV, ce qui permet d'exclure l'ondulation comme cause d'erreurs de mesure<\/td><\/tr>
      2. Essai sans mise \u00e0 la terre<\/td>Module d'alimentation non reli\u00e9 \u00e0 la terre, le capteur mesure une distance r\u00e9elle de 3 m<\/td>La mesure oscillait autour de 1 m, le r\u00e9glage du seuil n'\u00e9tait pas valide ; retour \u00e0 la normale apr\u00e8s le passage \u00e0 une alimentation de laboratoire.<\/td><\/tr>
      3. Test de mise \u00e0 la terre<\/td>Module d'alimentation mis \u00e0 la terre, c\u00e2bles des capteurs tenus \u00e0 l'\u00e9cart des c\u00e2bles sous tension de 220 V<\/td>Mesure pr\u00e9cise (3 m) ; des erreurs sont r\u00e9apparues lorsque les c\u00e2bles se trouvaient \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de fils sous tension de 220 V<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      3. Test du module d'alimentation 24 V CC et analyse des d\u00e9faillances de communication<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

      Tableau 2 : Comparaison entre les tests du module d'alimentation 24 V et les probl\u00e8mes de communication<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Sc\u00e9nario de test<\/th>\u00c9tat de mise \u00e0 la terre<\/th>Performances de communication RS485<\/th>R\u00e9sultats des mesures<\/th>Caract\u00e9ristiques des ondes d'interf\u00e9rence<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
      Test standard<\/td>Non reli\u00e9 \u00e0 la terre<\/td>Pannes de communication fr\u00e9quentes, connexion intermittente<\/td>Mesures anormales, r\u00e9glage du seuil non valide<\/td>Interf\u00e9rences cr\u00eate \u00e0 cr\u00eate : 13 V, 50 Hz (couplage au r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique)<\/td><\/tr>
      Test optimis\u00e9<\/td>Mise \u00e0 la terre + GND reli\u00e9 \u00e0 V-<\/td>Une communication stable, sans interruption<\/td>Des mesures pr\u00e9cises correspondant \u00e0 la distance r\u00e9elle<\/td>Aucune interf\u00e9rence apparente (figure 3)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      Cause profonde d'un probl\u00e8me de communication<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • Les bornes V+ et V- non reli\u00e9es cr\u00e9ent une diff\u00e9rence de potentiel entre les signaux RS485 et la masse, ce qui provoque des interf\u00e9rences.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • Solution : Relier GND \u00e0 V- pour \u00e9liminer la diff\u00e9rence de potentiel (figure 4).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        4. Quatre points cl\u00e9s pour l'adaptation universelle des alimentations \u00e9lectriques (r\u00e9sum\u00e9)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        1. Priorit\u00e9 de mise \u00e0 la terre<\/strong>: Le module d'alimentation doit \u00eatre correctement mis \u00e0 la terre afin d'aligner la tension V- sur le potentiel de terre ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. Masse commune du signal<\/strong>: Relier la masse (GND) \u00e0 V- pour \u00e9liminer la diff\u00e9rence de potentiel sur la ligne RS485 ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. Isolation des c\u00e2bles<\/strong>: Maintenir une distance d'au moins 30 cm entre les c\u00e2bles des capteurs et les c\u00e2bles sous tension de 220 V ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        4. Avertissement de s\u00e9curit\u00e9<\/strong>: Veillez \u00e0 ce que les c\u00e2bles des capteurs n'entrent pas en contact avec une tension \u00e9lev\u00e9e de 220 V afin d'\u00e9viter tout risque d'\u00e9lectrocution.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          5. Comparaison des formes d'onde et suppression des interf\u00e9rences<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

          (1) Interf\u00e9rence entre V+ et la masse (non mise \u00e0 la terre)<\/strong>: interf\u00e9rences du r\u00e9seau \u00e9lectrique de 42,8 V cr\u00eate \u00e0 cr\u00eate, 50 Hz ;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          (2) Signal RS485 (mis \u00e0 la terre)<\/strong>: Interf\u00e9rences \u00e9limin\u00e9es, stabilit\u00e9 de la communication 100%. .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            <\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            1. Problem Background: Anomalies Caused by Universal Power Supplies During the use of KUS series ultrasonic level meters with 220V to 24V\/12V universal power supplies, customers encountered two key issues: 2. 12V DC Power Module Test Record Table 1: 12V Power Module Test Steps and Results Test Step Operation Details Test Results 1. Ripple Measurement […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ultrasonic-sensor"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19804"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19804\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}