{"id":14228,"date":"2023-02-20T10:11:27","date_gmt":"2023-02-20T10:11:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kcsensor.com\/?p=14228"},"modified":"2026-09-26T08:57:38","modified_gmt":"2026-09-26T08:57:38","slug":"influence-of-dielectric-constant-on-radar-level-meter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/influence-of-dielectric-constant-on-radar-level-meter\/","title":{"rendered":"How Dielectric Constant Affects Radar Level Measurement"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konstan dielectric (permittivitas relatif, Istrim<sub>r<\/sub>) dari medium menentukan berapa banyak sinyal radar tercermin pada antena. Media dengan Luften<sub>r<\/sub> &gt; 3.6 mencerminkan kuat dan target mudah; low-1f<sub>r<\/sub> hidrokarbon (biasanya 1.4-4.0) hanya mencerminkan sebagian kecil dari sinyal dan membutuhkan <strong>radar gelombang<\/strong> atau <strong>radar tidak berkontak<\/strong> untuk pengukuran yang dapat diandalkan klaim umum bahwa \"cairan konstan dielektrik rendah tidak dapat diukur oleh radar\" karena itu hanya sebagian benar - apa yang perubahan radar yang Anda spesifikasikan.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jika Anda tidak terbiasa dengan konstanta dielektrik, silakan menonton video ini untuk membantu Anda memahami dasarnya.<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4hpLxJYEBHA&amp;t\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=4hpLxJYEBHA&amp;t<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Apakah Konstan Dielectric (IVT<sub>r<\/sub>)?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konstan dielektrik, lebih tepat <em>Permittivitas relatif<\/em>, menggambarkan bagaimana bahan menanggapi medan listrik terapan: berapa biaya yang ia simpan per unit tegangan dibandingkan dengan vakum. Untuk ukuran radar- tingkat pengukuran, itu penting untuk satu alasan - ukuran refleksi pada permukaan sedang diatur oleh <strong>kontras dalam permittivitas<\/strong> (Dan di antara langit dan bumi ada garis-garis) yakni garis-garis berwarna putih dan merah yang ada di atasnya. Perbedaan besar menghasilkan gema yang kuat; perbedaan kecil menghasilkan yang lemah.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kedua ujung dari skala praktis:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tinggi<sub>r<\/sub> (Polar, konduktif):<\/strong> air dan solusi akueus, asam dan basa. \u266b<sub>r<\/sub> untuk air adalah sekitar 80 di suhu kamar, sehingga permukaan berperilaku hampir seperti cermin radar.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rendah<sub>r<\/sub> (non- polar):<\/strong> hidrokarbon, pelarut, dan gas cair. Benzene adalah sekitar 2.3 dan n-hexane sekitar 1.9, sehingga sebagian besar pulsa masuk ke media bukannya kembali.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Industri grup media menjadi tiga band, yang merupakan jalan pintas yang berguna ketika membaca lembar spesifikasi: <strong>non- polar<\/strong> (NY<sub>r<\/sub> &amp; lt; 2.8) <strong>kutub lemah<\/strong> (2.8: 00)<sub>r<\/sub> 136, dan <strong>kutub<\/strong> (NY<sub>r<\/sub> > 3.6).<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tipe Radar Konstan Dielectric dan Disarded<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tabel di bawah pasangan khas<sub>r<\/sub> nilai dengan teknologi radar yang mengukur setiap medium dapat diandalkan. Nilai adalah permittivitas relatif pada sekitar 20 &amp; nbsp; \u00b0 C<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Sedang<\/th>\n<th>\u266b<sub>r<\/sub> (tipikal)<\/th>\n<th>Metode pengukuran yang direkomendasikan<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Air<\/td>\n<td>\u00a380<\/td>\n<td>Radar tanpa kontak - echo kuat, kasus termudah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Solusi awalan \/ caustik (konduktif)<\/td>\n<td>40- 80<\/td>\n<td>Radar tanpa kontak dengan korosi antena yang kompatibel (PTFE \/ flange)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Metanol, etanol, aseton<\/td>\n<td>20- 33<\/td>\n<td>Radar tanpa kontak, standar 80 &amp; nbsp; GHz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Alcohols \/ pelarut<\/td>\n<td>15- 25<\/td>\n<td>Radar non-kontak; gelombang yang dipandu dimana agitasi atau sebuah nozzle sempit membatasi balok<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Asam asetat<\/td>\n<td>Lum6.2<\/td>\n<td>Radar tanpa kontak (80 &amp; nbsp; GHz direkomendasikan)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Minyak, bisa dimakan dan minyak proses<\/td>\n<td>2- 5<\/td>\n<td>80 &amp; nbsp; GHz tanpa kontak radar, atau radar gelombang panduan dimana sebuah sumur stilling tersedia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hidrokarbon \/ bensin \/ benzena<\/td>\n<td>1.8-2.3<\/td>\n<td>radar gelombang (sinyal terbaik), atau radar kontak 80 &amp; nbsp; GHz bukan-kontak<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Gas minyak cair, pelarut No 4<\/td>\n<td>1.4- 1.8<\/td>\n<td>Hanya radar gelombang guided-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Bubuk dan padat (berdebu)<\/td>\n<td>variasi secara luas<\/td>\n<td>80 &amp; nbsp; GHz tanpa kontak radar; gelombang dipandu jika build- up di probe dapat ditoleransi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Tabel - konstanta dielektrik (permittivitas relatif) dan metode pengukuran yang disarankan. Nilai-nilai di NC20 \u00b0 C, dikompilasi dari tabel referensi fisik-properti standar (CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Fisika) dan instrumen produsen dokumentasi teknis. Nilai bervariasi dengan suhu, kemurnian, dan ukuran frekuensi - mengkonfirmasi terhadap medium Anda &amp; # 8217; s datasheet sebelum menyatakan.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Common Liquids and Their Relative Permittivity<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Untuk referensi kerja, daftar lebih panjang di bawah meliputi pelarut yang menghasilkan paling tingkat pengukuran pertanyaan. Nilai adalah permittivitas relatif pada suhu ruangan.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Cairan<\/th>\n<th>\u266b<sub>r<\/sub><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Air (H<sub>2<\/sub>O)<\/td>\n<td>78.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fromic acid (HCOOH)<\/td>\n<td>58.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>N, N - dimethylformamide (DMF)<\/td>\n<td>36.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Metanol (CH<sub>3<\/sub>OH)<\/td>\n<td>32.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Etanol (C<sub>2<\/sub>H<sub>5<\/sub>OH)<\/td>\n<td>24.5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Acetone (CH<sub>3<\/sub>COCH<sub>3<\/sub>)<\/td>\n<td>20.7<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>-Hexanol<\/td>\n<td>13.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Asam asetat<\/td>\n<td>6.15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Benzene (C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>6<\/sub>)<\/td>\n<td>2.28<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Karbon tetrachloride (CCl<sub>4<\/sub>)<\/td>\n<td>2.24<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>N-Hexane (C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>14<\/sub>)<\/td>\n<td>1.88<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Pelarut No 4<\/td>\n<td>1.78<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Tabel - permittivitas relatif cairan umum pada suhu kamar (nilai referensi standar)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3a8a1933 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-dominant-color=\"f4f4f4\" data-has-transparency=\"true\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f4f4f4;\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"675\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Commonly-Used-Dielectric-Constant-Table1.png\" alt=\"Referensi tabel dari relatif dielektrik nilai konstan untuk gas, uap dan padatan\" class=\"wp-image-14229 has-transparency\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Commonly-Used-Dielectric-Constant-Table1.png 554w, https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Commonly-Used-Dielectric-Constant-Table1-246x300.png 246w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fig. 1 \u2014 Reference values: relative dielectric constant of common gases, vapours and solids.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-dominant-color=\"f6f6f6\" data-has-transparency=\"true\" style=\"--dominant-color: #f6f6f6;\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"386\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Commonly-Used-Dielectric-Constant-Table2.png\" alt=\"Referensi tabel dari nilai konstanta dielektrik relatif untuk cairan dan bahan padat\" class=\"wp-image-14230 has-transparency\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Commonly-Used-Dielectric-Constant-Table2.png 554w, https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Commonly-Used-Dielectric-Constant-Table2-300x209.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fig. 2 \u2014 Reference values continued: relative dielectric constant of liquids and solid materials.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bagaimana bisa?<sub>r<\/sub> Mempengaruhi Radar-Gelombang<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Radio radar gelombang mengirimkan gelombang rendah pulsa energi turun probe (kabel baja atau batang). Pada batas probe \/ sedang, perubahan konstan dielektrik mencerminkan bagian dari pulsa kembali; sisanya terus turun probe. Karena pulsa dipandu daripada memancar, gema tidak tergantung pada permukaan datar atau sinar lebar - itulah sebabnya panduan-teleskop gelombang dengan turbulensi, cenderung permukaan, dan sangat rendah<sub>r<\/sub> media yang akan mengalahkan unit non-kontak.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Band Praktis untuk pemandu-pemilihan gelombang:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Produk-produk Petroleum dan hidrokarbon dalam layanan petrokimia: 1.4<sub>r<\/sub> 4.0<\/li>\n<li>Alcohols, pelarut organik dan campuran air: 4.0<sub>r<\/sub> 10,0<\/li>\n<li>Cairan konduktif seperti solusi akueus, cairan asam dan basa:<sub>r<\/sub> > 10.0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Guided- radar gelombang dapat juga mengukur gas \/ cair, gas \/ solid, atau cairan \/ cairan antarmuka, yang merupakan solusi standar untuk deteksi batas air pada pemisah dan punuk.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bagaimana bisa?<sub>r<\/sub> Mempengaruhi Radar Non-Kontak<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3a8a1933 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Radar non-kontak memancarkan dari antena dan mengandalkan refleksi dari permukaan produk. Semakin tinggi konstanta dielektrik, semakin kuat refleksi - dan, yang lainnya sama, semakin lama jangkauan yang dapat Anda capai. Semakin jauh target, semakin banyak sinyal hilang untuk balok menyebar dan perhatian, sehingga rendah -<sub>r<\/sub> sedang harus lebih dekat dengan antena untuk ketergantungan yang sama.<br \/>Radar Modern 80 GHz (gelombang millimetre-wave) sebagian besar memecahkan keterbatasan sejarah: jangkauan sinyal dinamis yang jauh lebih besar dan lebih sempit, sinar terkonsentrasi berarti rendah - Aidr media dapat diukur lebih kokoh daripada dengan 26 instrumen lama GHz. Jarak sensor radar tingkat 80 GHz kami ditentukan untuk tepat tugas ini - misalnya, sensor radar KLD804 mencapai akurasi 5.2 mm dengan zona buta minimum 0.05 m, dan secara eksplisit dirancang untuk menahan pengukuran pada media konstan dielektrik rendah, adhesi, dan kondensasi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-dominant-color=\"dfe1e1\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Influence-of-Dielectric-Constant-on-Radar-Level-Meter-1-jpg.webp\" alt=\"Inflasi Konstan Dielektrik pada Radar Tingkat Meter\" class=\"wp-image-17192 not-transparent\" style=\"--dominant-color: #dfe1e1; width:367px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Influence-of-Dielectric-Constant-on-Radar-Level-Meter-1-jpg.webp 500w, https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Influence-of-Dielectric-Constant-on-Radar-Level-Meter-1-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Influence-of-Dielectric-Constant-on-Radar-Level-Meter-1-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Influence-of-Dielectric-Constant-on-Radar-Level-Meter-1-100x100.webp 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Measuring Lower-1f<sub>r<\/sub> Media<sub>r<\/sub> &amp; lt; 2,5): 80 &amp; nbsp; GHz vs Guided Wave<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Di bawah kira-kira<sub>r<\/sub> = 2.5, refleksi cukup lemah bahwa instrumen pilihan berhenti menjadi preferensi dan menjadi kendala. Dua pilihan yang layak memiliki batas yang berbeda:<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table class=\"has-fixed-layout\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Situasi<\/th>\n<th>Pilih<\/th>\n<th>Mengapa<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u266b<sub>r<\/sub> 1,8-2,5, cairan bersih, nozzle besar, tidak ada build-up pada probe<\/td>\n<td>Radar 80 &amp; nbsp; GHz bukan kontak<\/td>\n<td>Milimetre- jangkauan dinamis gelombang memulihkan echo lemah; tidak ada kontak produk<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u266b<sub>r<\/sub> 1,4-1.8, atau sebuah stilling baik \/ ruang bypass tersedia<\/td>\n<td>radar gelombang<\/td>\n<td>Denyut nadi dipandu sepanjang probe, sehingga kehilangan jalur minimal dan refleksi lemah masih terdeteksi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Permukaan turbulen, busa atau tingkat cair cenderung kuat<\/td>\n<td>radar gelombang<\/td>\n<td>Gema tidak bergantung pada permukaan datar horisontal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Media aggresif, layanan kebersihan, atau build- up yang akan busuk probe<\/td>\n<td>Radar 80 &amp; nbsp; GHz bukan kontak<\/td>\n<td>Tidak ada penyelidikan basah untuk membersihkan atau merusak<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Cair \/ cairan antarmuka (minyak-air)<\/td>\n<td>radar gelombang<\/td>\n<td>Selesaikan refleksi antar muka, bukan hanya permukaan atas<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Silo tinggi dengan padatan berdebu, sangat jauh<\/td>\n<td>Radar 80 &amp; nbsp; GHz bukan kontak<\/td>\n<td>Balok sempit dan jangkauan dinamis tinggi, tidak terpengaruh oleh debu dan kondensasi<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Tabel - batas seleksi bagi media konstan dielektrik rendah<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dimana sebuah tank tidak memiliki nozzle yang cocok untuk 80 &amp; nbsp; GHz non-kontak radar atau sebuah sumur stilling untuk probe, alternatif praktis adalah untuk mengubah pengukuran prinsip sama sekali daripada menerima pembacaan radar yang tidak dapat diandalkan - sebuah alat kapasititif atau hidrostatik mungkin jawaban yang benar.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Pengukuran Antar Muka: Apa yang<sub>r<\/sub> Memerlukan<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kedua gelombang panduan dan radar non-kontak dapat mengukur antarmuka dengan mengikuti bagian dari pulsa yang tidak tercermin pada permukaan atas ke produk yang lebih rendah. Persyaratan lebih ketat daripada untuk tingkat sederhana:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>radar gelombang Guided-:<\/strong> medium atas biasanya diperlukan minimal 10- 20 cm tebal sehingga dua gema dapat diselesaikan; medium atas<sub>r<\/sub> harus di bawah sekitar 3 dan lebih rendah di atas sekitar 20, dengan perbedaan yang lebih besar dari 10.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Radar tanpa kontak:<\/strong> konstanta dielektrik dari kedua produk harus diketahui dan stabil, dan perbedaan antara mereka harus lebih besar dari sekitar 6.<\/li>\n<li>Dalam kedua kasus, degrade pengukuran jika lapisan atas dikecilkan, jika ketebalan bervariasi dengan cepat, atau jika busa duduk di kedua batas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Memilih Radar Kanan untuk Cair Anda<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ringkasan pilihan singkat: solusi air dan akueus adalah kasus mudah - radar non-kontak standar yang menangani mereka. Solvent dan minyak ringan duduk di tengah band dan umumnya ingin 80 &amp; nbsp; GHz. Hidrokarbon dan gas cair adalah kasus sulit dan biasanya ingin gelombang dipandu. Jika tangki Anda jauh dan kabel adalah kendala daripada medium, skema radar nirkabel perubahan ekonomi instalasi - lihat kami <a href=\"\/id\/433m-wireless-radar-technical-solution\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">433 &amp; nbsp; M radar nirkabel solusi teknis<\/a>, dan untuk kepala-to-head perbandingan antara dua teknologi dibaca <a href=\"\/id\/80g-radar-vs-guided-wave-radar-which-one-has-the-advantage\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">80 &amp; nbsp; radar GHz vs radar gelombang panduan<\/a>Katalog penuh duduk di bawah <a href=\"\/id\/product-category\/radar-level-sensor\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">sensor tingkat radar<\/a>, dengan panduan-gelombang model dalam <a href=\"\/id\/product-category\/radar-level-sensor\/guided-wave-radar\/\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">kategori didedikasikan<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>PERTANYAAN YANG SERING DIAJUKAN<\/strong><\/h2>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-flow wp-container-core-group-is-layout-17f477d5 wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\" style=\"padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b7d9c19b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-safe-svg-svg-icon safe-svg-cover\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"safe-svg-inside safe-svg-inline\" style=\"width: 32px; height: 32px; background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--); color: var(--wp--preset--color--); padding-top: ; padding-right: ; padding-bottom: ; padding-left: ; margin-top: ; margin-right: ; margin-bottom: ; margin-left: ;\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"no\"?> <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" class=\"icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 1024 1024\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\"><path d=\"M358.70592 758.7456c-33.01888-30.9504-54.48448-68.19072-64.29056-111.7952-11.46752-50.99264-3.54176-99.89632 18.03264-146.9696 17.74592-38.71744 42.84416-72.6208 69.29024-105.6384 28.12416-35.1104 57.45792-69.28384 82.5088-106.77248 15.18592-22.7264 29.34016-46.01984 39.91552-71.3216 0.4928-1.1776 1.05856-2.33216 1.68064-3.44704 1.70624-3.05152 4.27008-4.57856 7.83872-4.57472 3.72224 0.00384 6.03648 1.98784 7.38048 5.14048 24.1536 56.64384 61.8368 104.25728 100.50816 151.27936 27.07712 32.92416 54.592 65.536 76.032 102.6944 17.06496 29.57568 30.71488 60.416 36.49408 94.25536 10.65856 62.4064-3.3728 119.11936-41.35808 169.50016-37.87136 50.22848-89.12384 79.04768-151.0592 86.68288-69.376 8.55424-130.6048-11.64928-182.97344-59.0336m234.77248-308.38784c-4.71168-6.65984-10.2016-12.57728-16.7936-17.41824-27.78368-20.40832-58.83648-24.52736-91.15392-15.51872-30.048 8.37376-52.27264 26.62144-60.46464 58.32832-3.8144 14.76096 11.6224 29.66528 26.5024 26.29632 10.26304-2.32448 15.936-9.09952 19.61472-18.3296 5.1968-13.0496 14.19776-22.25408 27.95136-25.984 7.39456-2.00576 14.9824-1.72672 22.71232-1.472 20.41088 0.672 41.17248 19.92576 34.42432 48.6016-2.8928 12.2944-11.34976 20.73344-19.96032 29.07392-9.1776 8.8896-19.29088 16.81408-27.35744 26.84928-10.16704 12.65024-16.73984 26.74816-16.91904 43.2064-0.1408 13.03552 7.54816 21.3248 20.28928 22.65344 12.3136 1.28256 20.4096-4.6528 22.51136-18.00192 2.26432-14.37952 9.792-25.08672 20.4608-34.2912 8.55168-7.37664 16.9856-14.91968 25.09824-22.77376 29.64992-28.70272 34.8224-67.61216 13.08416-101.21984M546.4448 689.152c3.58912-15.9744-8.8192-34.05568-25.41568-37.0368-18.91072-3.39584-37.376 9.43616-39.45856 27.424-1.87008 16.13824 10.0352 32.6208 25.66784 35.53536 17.69728 3.29984 34.2528-7.27168 39.2064-25.92256z\" fill=\"#d81e06\"><\/path><\/svg> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Q: Apakah konstanta dielektrik minimum radar tidak-kontak dapat mengukur?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b7d9c19b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-safe-svg-svg-icon safe-svg-cover\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"safe-svg-inside safe-svg-inline\" style=\"width: 32px; height: 32px; background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--); color: var(--wp--preset--color--); padding-top: 0; padding-right: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-left: 0; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0;\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"no\"?> <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" class=\"icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 1024 1024\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\"><path d=\"M501.0496 225.9008c1.9776-4.30848 3.3792-8.41984 5.65248-11.9744 3.82464-5.98656 11.03232-5.89184 13.73056 0.51968 27.92704 66.35136 74.78016 119.73888 119.27424 174.7456 25.23776 31.20128 49.71008 62.8992 68.15104 98.80448 17.57952 34.2272 28.4416 70.3424 29.28128 108.89088 0.8832 40.52608-9.22368 78.46144-30.06976 113.39008-32.99328 55.27936-80.94464 90.8096-143.59424 104.55296-76.60288 16.80256-145.1776-1.41696-203.41376-54.08384-39.3472-35.584-62.4128-80.41984-68.70272-133.44512-6.31808-53.26336 6.912-102.2336 32.6464-148.46336 21.2736-38.2208 48.8768-71.87584 76.31104-105.62432 32.3008-39.73248 64.4672-79.53536 89.2032-124.6592 3.9936-7.28576 7.57376-14.79808 11.53024-22.65344m-36.41216 378.90304c-15.41376-15.35232-30.78784-30.7456-46.26176-46.03648-6.16832-6.09536-10.1184-6.1056-16.38016-0.01024a1031.35872 1031.35872 0 0 0-22.57792 22.6496c-6.88768 7.13344-6.80448 9.34144 0.13696 16.43136 16.2624 16.6144 32.58112 33.17248 48.8448 49.78432 13.8752 14.17216 27.62752 28.46336 41.58464 42.55104 6.6816 6.7456 11.33696 6.4768 17.856-0.44032 1.16992-1.2416 2.26432-2.55232 3.38816-3.83616 40.47488-46.19008 80.93952-92.3904 121.43104-138.5664 12.512-14.26944 25.09056-28.48 37.664-42.69568 3.30496-3.7376 5.07136-7.7952 1.09696-11.89504-8.45696-8.72704-17.0624-17.3184-25.85088-25.71008-3.54688-3.38688-7.74016-3.2768-11.52256 0.06784-2.0736 1.83296-4.1024 3.73504-5.9776 5.7664-16.48256 17.85728-32.98944 35.69536-49.36704 53.64864-23.70688 25.98528-47.32544 52.0512-70.9568 78.1056-13.6 14.99648-9.64224 12.96512-23.10784 0.1856z\" fill=\"#21a529\"><\/path><\/svg> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A:<\/strong> Manufaktur biasanya menspesifikasikan minimim dari sekitar Singapura<sub>r<\/sub> 1.5-2 untuk radar non-kontak. Di bawah itu, bimbingan radar gelombang adalah teknologi yang disarankan, karena pulsa dipandu sepanjang probe daripada memancar melalui udara.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b7d9c19b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-safe-svg-svg-icon safe-svg-cover\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"safe-svg-inside safe-svg-inline\" style=\"width: 32px; height: 32px; background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--); color: var(--wp--preset--color--); padding-top: ; padding-right: ; padding-bottom: ; padding-left: ; margin-top: ; margin-right: ; margin-bottom: ; margin-left: ;\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"no\"?> <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" class=\"icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 1024 1024\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\"><path d=\"M358.70592 758.7456c-33.01888-30.9504-54.48448-68.19072-64.29056-111.7952-11.46752-50.99264-3.54176-99.89632 18.03264-146.9696 17.74592-38.71744 42.84416-72.6208 69.29024-105.6384 28.12416-35.1104 57.45792-69.28384 82.5088-106.77248 15.18592-22.7264 29.34016-46.01984 39.91552-71.3216 0.4928-1.1776 1.05856-2.33216 1.68064-3.44704 1.70624-3.05152 4.27008-4.57856 7.83872-4.57472 3.72224 0.00384 6.03648 1.98784 7.38048 5.14048 24.1536 56.64384 61.8368 104.25728 100.50816 151.27936 27.07712 32.92416 54.592 65.536 76.032 102.6944 17.06496 29.57568 30.71488 60.416 36.49408 94.25536 10.65856 62.4064-3.3728 119.11936-41.35808 169.50016-37.87136 50.22848-89.12384 79.04768-151.0592 86.68288-69.376 8.55424-130.6048-11.64928-182.97344-59.0336m234.77248-308.38784c-4.71168-6.65984-10.2016-12.57728-16.7936-17.41824-27.78368-20.40832-58.83648-24.52736-91.15392-15.51872-30.048 8.37376-52.27264 26.62144-60.46464 58.32832-3.8144 14.76096 11.6224 29.66528 26.5024 26.29632 10.26304-2.32448 15.936-9.09952 19.61472-18.3296 5.1968-13.0496 14.19776-22.25408 27.95136-25.984 7.39456-2.00576 14.9824-1.72672 22.71232-1.472 20.41088 0.672 41.17248 19.92576 34.42432 48.6016-2.8928 12.2944-11.34976 20.73344-19.96032 29.07392-9.1776 8.8896-19.29088 16.81408-27.35744 26.84928-10.16704 12.65024-16.73984 26.74816-16.91904 43.2064-0.1408 13.03552 7.54816 21.3248 20.28928 22.65344 12.3136 1.28256 20.4096-4.6528 22.51136-18.00192 2.26432-14.37952 9.792-25.08672 20.4608-34.2912 8.55168-7.37664 16.9856-14.91968 25.09824-22.77376 29.64992-28.70272 34.8224-67.61216 13.08416-101.21984M546.4448 689.152c3.58912-15.9744-8.8192-34.05568-25.41568-37.0368-18.91072-3.39584-37.376 9.43616-39.45856 27.424-1.87008 16.13824 10.0352 32.6208 25.66784 35.53536 17.69728 3.29984 34.2528-7.27168 39.2064-25.92256z\" fill=\"#d81e06\"><\/path><\/svg> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Q: Apa perbedaan dielectric konstan diperlukan untuk pengukuran permukaan air?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b7d9c19b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-safe-svg-svg-icon safe-svg-cover\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"safe-svg-inside safe-svg-inline\" style=\"width: 32px; height: 32px; background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--); color: var(--wp--preset--color--); padding-top: 0; padding-right: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-left: 0; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0;\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"no\"?> <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" class=\"icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 1024 1024\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\"><path d=\"M501.0496 225.9008c1.9776-4.30848 3.3792-8.41984 5.65248-11.9744 3.82464-5.98656 11.03232-5.89184 13.73056 0.51968 27.92704 66.35136 74.78016 119.73888 119.27424 174.7456 25.23776 31.20128 49.71008 62.8992 68.15104 98.80448 17.57952 34.2272 28.4416 70.3424 29.28128 108.89088 0.8832 40.52608-9.22368 78.46144-30.06976 113.39008-32.99328 55.27936-80.94464 90.8096-143.59424 104.55296-76.60288 16.80256-145.1776-1.41696-203.41376-54.08384-39.3472-35.584-62.4128-80.41984-68.70272-133.44512-6.31808-53.26336 6.912-102.2336 32.6464-148.46336 21.2736-38.2208 48.8768-71.87584 76.31104-105.62432 32.3008-39.73248 64.4672-79.53536 89.2032-124.6592 3.9936-7.28576 7.57376-14.79808 11.53024-22.65344m-36.41216 378.90304c-15.41376-15.35232-30.78784-30.7456-46.26176-46.03648-6.16832-6.09536-10.1184-6.1056-16.38016-0.01024a1031.35872 1031.35872 0 0 0-22.57792 22.6496c-6.88768 7.13344-6.80448 9.34144 0.13696 16.43136 16.2624 16.6144 32.58112 33.17248 48.8448 49.78432 13.8752 14.17216 27.62752 28.46336 41.58464 42.55104 6.6816 6.7456 11.33696 6.4768 17.856-0.44032 1.16992-1.2416 2.26432-2.55232 3.38816-3.83616 40.47488-46.19008 80.93952-92.3904 121.43104-138.5664 12.512-14.26944 25.09056-28.48 37.664-42.69568 3.30496-3.7376 5.07136-7.7952 1.09696-11.89504-8.45696-8.72704-17.0624-17.3184-25.85088-25.71008-3.54688-3.38688-7.74016-3.2768-11.52256 0.06784-2.0736 1.83296-4.1024 3.73504-5.9776 5.7664-16.48256 17.85728-32.98944 35.69536-49.36704 53.64864-23.70688 25.98528-47.32544 52.0512-70.9568 78.1056-13.6 14.99648-9.64224 12.96512-23.10784 0.1856z\" fill=\"#21a529\"><\/path><\/svg> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A:<\/strong> radar gelombang Guided- biasanya membutuhkan medium atas di bawah ini tentang llaby<sub>r<\/sub> 3 dan bagian bawah di atas sekitar 20, dengan perbedaan yang lebih besar dari 10; radar non-kontak memerlukan perbedaan yang lebih besar dari sekitar 6. Kedua media pasti tahu, konstanta dielektrik stabil.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b7d9c19b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-safe-svg-svg-icon safe-svg-cover\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"safe-svg-inside safe-svg-inline\" style=\"width: 32px; height: 32px; background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--); color: var(--wp--preset--color--); padding-top: ; padding-right: ; padding-bottom: ; padding-left: ; margin-top: ; margin-right: ; margin-bottom: ; margin-left: ;\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"no\"?> <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" class=\"icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 1024 1024\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\"><path d=\"M358.70592 758.7456c-33.01888-30.9504-54.48448-68.19072-64.29056-111.7952-11.46752-50.99264-3.54176-99.89632 18.03264-146.9696 17.74592-38.71744 42.84416-72.6208 69.29024-105.6384 28.12416-35.1104 57.45792-69.28384 82.5088-106.77248 15.18592-22.7264 29.34016-46.01984 39.91552-71.3216 0.4928-1.1776 1.05856-2.33216 1.68064-3.44704 1.70624-3.05152 4.27008-4.57856 7.83872-4.57472 3.72224 0.00384 6.03648 1.98784 7.38048 5.14048 24.1536 56.64384 61.8368 104.25728 100.50816 151.27936 27.07712 32.92416 54.592 65.536 76.032 102.6944 17.06496 29.57568 30.71488 60.416 36.49408 94.25536 10.65856 62.4064-3.3728 119.11936-41.35808 169.50016-37.87136 50.22848-89.12384 79.04768-151.0592 86.68288-69.376 8.55424-130.6048-11.64928-182.97344-59.0336m234.77248-308.38784c-4.71168-6.65984-10.2016-12.57728-16.7936-17.41824-27.78368-20.40832-58.83648-24.52736-91.15392-15.51872-30.048 8.37376-52.27264 26.62144-60.46464 58.32832-3.8144 14.76096 11.6224 29.66528 26.5024 26.29632 10.26304-2.32448 15.936-9.09952 19.61472-18.3296 5.1968-13.0496 14.19776-22.25408 27.95136-25.984 7.39456-2.00576 14.9824-1.72672 22.71232-1.472 20.41088 0.672 41.17248 19.92576 34.42432 48.6016-2.8928 12.2944-11.34976 20.73344-19.96032 29.07392-9.1776 8.8896-19.29088 16.81408-27.35744 26.84928-10.16704 12.65024-16.73984 26.74816-16.91904 43.2064-0.1408 13.03552 7.54816 21.3248 20.28928 22.65344 12.3136 1.28256 20.4096-4.6528 22.51136-18.00192 2.26432-14.37952 9.792-25.08672 20.4608-34.2912 8.55168-7.37664 16.9856-14.91968 25.09824-22.77376 29.64992-28.70272 34.8224-67.61216 13.08416-101.21984M546.4448 689.152c3.58912-15.9744-8.8192-34.05568-25.41568-37.0368-18.91072-3.39584-37.376 9.43616-39.45856 27.424-1.87008 16.13824 10.0352 32.6208 25.66784 35.53536 17.69728 3.29984 34.2528-7.27168 39.2064-25.92256z\" fill=\"#d81e06\"><\/path><\/svg> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Q: Apakah busa mempengaruhi pengukuran tingkat radar pada cairan rendah -Averr?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b7d9c19b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-safe-svg-svg-icon safe-svg-cover\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"safe-svg-inside safe-svg-inline\" style=\"width: 32px; height: 32px; background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--); color: var(--wp--preset--color--); padding-top: 0; padding-right: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-left: 0; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0;\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"no\"?> <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" class=\"icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 1024 1024\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\"><path d=\"M501.0496 225.9008c1.9776-4.30848 3.3792-8.41984 5.65248-11.9744 3.82464-5.98656 11.03232-5.89184 13.73056 0.51968 27.92704 66.35136 74.78016 119.73888 119.27424 174.7456 25.23776 31.20128 49.71008 62.8992 68.15104 98.80448 17.57952 34.2272 28.4416 70.3424 29.28128 108.89088 0.8832 40.52608-9.22368 78.46144-30.06976 113.39008-32.99328 55.27936-80.94464 90.8096-143.59424 104.55296-76.60288 16.80256-145.1776-1.41696-203.41376-54.08384-39.3472-35.584-62.4128-80.41984-68.70272-133.44512-6.31808-53.26336 6.912-102.2336 32.6464-148.46336 21.2736-38.2208 48.8768-71.87584 76.31104-105.62432 32.3008-39.73248 64.4672-79.53536 89.2032-124.6592 3.9936-7.28576 7.57376-14.79808 11.53024-22.65344m-36.41216 378.90304c-15.41376-15.35232-30.78784-30.7456-46.26176-46.03648-6.16832-6.09536-10.1184-6.1056-16.38016-0.01024a1031.35872 1031.35872 0 0 0-22.57792 22.6496c-6.88768 7.13344-6.80448 9.34144 0.13696 16.43136 16.2624 16.6144 32.58112 33.17248 48.8448 49.78432 13.8752 14.17216 27.62752 28.46336 41.58464 42.55104 6.6816 6.7456 11.33696 6.4768 17.856-0.44032 1.16992-1.2416 2.26432-2.55232 3.38816-3.83616 40.47488-46.19008 80.93952-92.3904 121.43104-138.5664 12.512-14.26944 25.09056-28.48 37.664-42.69568 3.30496-3.7376 5.07136-7.7952 1.09696-11.89504-8.45696-8.72704-17.0624-17.3184-25.85088-25.71008-3.54688-3.38688-7.74016-3.2768-11.52256 0.06784-2.0736 1.83296-4.1024 3.73504-5.9776 5.7664-16.48256 17.85728-32.98944 35.69536-49.36704 53.64864-23.70688 25.98528-47.32544 52.0512-70.9568 78.1056-13.6 14.99648-9.64224 12.96512-23.10784 0.1856z\" fill=\"#21a529\"><\/path><\/svg> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A:<\/strong> Ya. Foam menambahkan kedua, menyebar lapisan refleksi dan memperkecil sinyal sebelum mencapai permukaan nyata. Pada low-1f<sub>r<\/sub> media, margin sudah tipis, sehingga bimbingan-gelombang radar - yang gema tidak tergantung pada permukaan datar - biasanya pilihan yang lebih aman.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b7d9c19b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-safe-svg-svg-icon safe-svg-cover\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"safe-svg-inside safe-svg-inline\" style=\"width: 32px; height: 32px; background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--); color: var(--wp--preset--color--); padding-top: ; padding-right: ; padding-bottom: ; padding-left: ; margin-top: ; margin-right: ; margin-bottom: ; margin-left: ;\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"no\"?> <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" class=\"icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 1024 1024\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\"><path d=\"M358.70592 758.7456c-33.01888-30.9504-54.48448-68.19072-64.29056-111.7952-11.46752-50.99264-3.54176-99.89632 18.03264-146.9696 17.74592-38.71744 42.84416-72.6208 69.29024-105.6384 28.12416-35.1104 57.45792-69.28384 82.5088-106.77248 15.18592-22.7264 29.34016-46.01984 39.91552-71.3216 0.4928-1.1776 1.05856-2.33216 1.68064-3.44704 1.70624-3.05152 4.27008-4.57856 7.83872-4.57472 3.72224 0.00384 6.03648 1.98784 7.38048 5.14048 24.1536 56.64384 61.8368 104.25728 100.50816 151.27936 27.07712 32.92416 54.592 65.536 76.032 102.6944 17.06496 29.57568 30.71488 60.416 36.49408 94.25536 10.65856 62.4064-3.3728 119.11936-41.35808 169.50016-37.87136 50.22848-89.12384 79.04768-151.0592 86.68288-69.376 8.55424-130.6048-11.64928-182.97344-59.0336m234.77248-308.38784c-4.71168-6.65984-10.2016-12.57728-16.7936-17.41824-27.78368-20.40832-58.83648-24.52736-91.15392-15.51872-30.048 8.37376-52.27264 26.62144-60.46464 58.32832-3.8144 14.76096 11.6224 29.66528 26.5024 26.29632 10.26304-2.32448 15.936-9.09952 19.61472-18.3296 5.1968-13.0496 14.19776-22.25408 27.95136-25.984 7.39456-2.00576 14.9824-1.72672 22.71232-1.472 20.41088 0.672 41.17248 19.92576 34.42432 48.6016-2.8928 12.2944-11.34976 20.73344-19.96032 29.07392-9.1776 8.8896-19.29088 16.81408-27.35744 26.84928-10.16704 12.65024-16.73984 26.74816-16.91904 43.2064-0.1408 13.03552 7.54816 21.3248 20.28928 22.65344 12.3136 1.28256 20.4096-4.6528 22.51136-18.00192 2.26432-14.37952 9.792-25.08672 20.4608-34.2912 8.55168-7.37664 16.9856-14.91968 25.09824-22.77376 29.64992-28.70272 34.8224-67.61216 13.08416-101.21984M546.4448 689.152c3.58912-15.9744-8.8192-34.05568-25.41568-37.0368-18.91072-3.39584-37.376 9.43616-39.45856 27.424-1.87008 16.13824 10.0352 32.6208 25.66784 35.53536 17.69728 3.29984 34.2528-7.27168 39.2064-25.92256z\" fill=\"#d81e06\"><\/path><\/svg> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Apa itu konstant dielektrik air?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-b7d9c19b wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-safe-svg-svg-icon safe-svg-cover\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<div class=\"safe-svg-inside safe-svg-inline\" style=\"width: 32px; height: 32px; background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--); color: var(--wp--preset--color--); padding-top: 0; padding-right: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-left: 0; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; margin-left: 0;\"><?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" standalone=\"no\"?> <svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" class=\"icon\" viewbox=\"0 0 1024 1024\" version=\"1.1\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\"><path d=\"M501.0496 225.9008c1.9776-4.30848 3.3792-8.41984 5.65248-11.9744 3.82464-5.98656 11.03232-5.89184 13.73056 0.51968 27.92704 66.35136 74.78016 119.73888 119.27424 174.7456 25.23776 31.20128 49.71008 62.8992 68.15104 98.80448 17.57952 34.2272 28.4416 70.3424 29.28128 108.89088 0.8832 40.52608-9.22368 78.46144-30.06976 113.39008-32.99328 55.27936-80.94464 90.8096-143.59424 104.55296-76.60288 16.80256-145.1776-1.41696-203.41376-54.08384-39.3472-35.584-62.4128-80.41984-68.70272-133.44512-6.31808-53.26336 6.912-102.2336 32.6464-148.46336 21.2736-38.2208 48.8768-71.87584 76.31104-105.62432 32.3008-39.73248 64.4672-79.53536 89.2032-124.6592 3.9936-7.28576 7.57376-14.79808 11.53024-22.65344m-36.41216 378.90304c-15.41376-15.35232-30.78784-30.7456-46.26176-46.03648-6.16832-6.09536-10.1184-6.1056-16.38016-0.01024a1031.35872 1031.35872 0 0 0-22.57792 22.6496c-6.88768 7.13344-6.80448 9.34144 0.13696 16.43136 16.2624 16.6144 32.58112 33.17248 48.8448 49.78432 13.8752 14.17216 27.62752 28.46336 41.58464 42.55104 6.6816 6.7456 11.33696 6.4768 17.856-0.44032 1.16992-1.2416 2.26432-2.55232 3.38816-3.83616 40.47488-46.19008 80.93952-92.3904 121.43104-138.5664 12.512-14.26944 25.09056-28.48 37.664-42.69568 3.30496-3.7376 5.07136-7.7952 1.09696-11.89504-8.45696-8.72704-17.0624-17.3184-25.85088-25.71008-3.54688-3.38688-7.74016-3.2768-11.52256 0.06784-2.0736 1.83296-4.1024 3.73504-5.9776 5.7664-16.48256 17.85728-32.98944 35.69536-49.36704 53.64864-23.70688 25.98528-47.32544 52.0512-70.9568 78.1056-13.6 14.99648-9.64224 12.96512-23.10784 0.1856z\" fill=\"#21a529\"><\/path><\/svg> <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A:<\/strong> Air memiliki perilaku relatif tinggi sekitar 80 suhu ruangan, yang memberikan gema radar yang sangat kuat dan membuatnya menjadi medium umum termudah untuk diukur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Daftar Pustaka<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vega, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vega.com\/en\/products\/product-catalog\/level\/radar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ukuran tingkat Radar<\/a><\/em> - Catatan teknologi pada non-kontak dan radar gelombang panduan.<\/li>\n<li>Endress + Hauser, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.endress.com\/en\/Field-instruments-overview\/Level-measurement\/Radar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ukuran tingkat Radar<\/a><\/em> - Kondisional dielektrik dan pengukuran antarmuka.<\/li>\n<li>Emerson, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.emerson.com\/en-us\/automation\/measurement-instrumentation\/level\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Pengukur Level<\/a><\/em> - Pemandu aplikasi.<\/li>\n<li>CRAC Handbook of Chemistry and Fisika - sumber dari Permittivity relatif nilai-nilai di tabulated di atas.<\/li>\n<li>Kaise, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/product\/kld804-radar-level-sensor\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Sensor tingkat radar KLD804 80 GHz<\/a><\/em> catatan data.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The dielectric constant (relative permittivity, \u03b5r) of the medium determines how much of the radar signal is reflected to the antenna. Media with \u03b5r > 3.6 reflect strongly and are easy targets; low-\u03b5r hydrocarbons (typically 1.4\u20134.0) reflect only a small fraction of the signal and require guided-wave radar or high-frequency (80\u00a0GHz) non-contact radar for reliable [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":17192,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[319],"tags":[238],"class_list":["post-14228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-radar-level-meter","tag-radar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14228"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14228\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/id\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}