{"id":23932,"date":"2026-02-10T10:49:44","date_gmt":"2026-02-10T10:49:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/?p=23932"},"modified":"2026-02-10T10:49:44","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T10:49:44","slug":"ultrasonic-level-measurement-principle-and-measurement-precautions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/tr\/ultrasonic-level-measurement-principle-and-measurement-precautions\/","title":{"rendered":"Ultrasonik Seviye \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm Prensibi ve \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmle \u0130lgili Dikkat Edilmesi Gereken Hususlar"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>I. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm \u0130lkesi<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir ultrasonik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc \u015funlardan olu\u015fur: <strong>piezoelektrik seramik malzeme<\/strong>. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme s\u00fcreci yoluyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir <strong>elektrik enerjisini mekanik enerjiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek ve ard\u0131ndan tekrar elektrik enerjisine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek<\/strong>, bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme i\u015flemi i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcreye g\u00f6re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, ultrasonik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi \u015fudur: <strong>ultrasonik dalgalar yayar ve yans\u0131yan yank\u0131lar\u0131 al\u0131r<\/strong>. Zaman fark\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7erek <strong>t<\/strong>&nbsp;ultrasonik dalga iletimi ile yank\u0131 al\u0131m\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki ve bunu <strong>ses h\u0131z\u0131 telafisi (C)<\/strong>&nbsp;ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm mesafesi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcl kullan\u0131larak hesaplan\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D = C \u00d7 t \/ 2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>II. Pratik Uygulamalarda Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan Sorunlar<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Sorun<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Olay ve Nedeni<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Steam Ortam\u0131<\/td><td><strong>Olay:<\/strong>&nbsp;S\u0131v\u0131 seviyesi genellikle alg\u0131lanmamaktad\u0131r.<br><strong>Nedeni:<\/strong>&nbsp;Buharl\u0131 ortamlarda, ortam\u0131n akustik empedans\u0131 y\u00fcksektir ve k\u0131r\u0131lma ile yans\u0131ma meydana gelir; bu da ultrasonik dalgalar\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede zay\u0131flamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.<\/td><td>\u25cf\u015eunu kullan\u0131n: <strong>non-invaziv (harici montajl\u0131) ultrasonik seviye sens\u00f6r\u00fc<\/strong>&nbsp;alttan \u00f6l\u00e7mek ve buhar ortam\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak i\u00e7in.<br>\u25cf\u015eununla de\u011fi\u015ftirin: <strong>uzun menzilli yo\u011fu\u015fma \u00f6nleyici sens\u00f6r<\/strong>, yank\u0131n\u0131n alg\u0131lanabilmesi i\u00e7in iletim g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rarak.<br>\u25cf\u015eunu kullan\u0131n: <strong>dalg\u0131\u00e7 seviye vericisi<\/strong>&nbsp;(bas\u0131n\u00e7 temelli) s\u0131v\u0131 seviyesini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Tozlu Ortam (Genellikle Kat\u0131 Maddeler)<\/td><td><strong>Olay:<\/strong>&nbsp;Seviye tespit edilemiyor.<br><strong>Nedeni:<\/strong>&nbsp;Toz, ultrasonik dalgalar\u0131 emer ve zamanla sens\u00f6r\u00fcn y\u00fczeyinde birikir.<\/td><td>\u25cf \u015eununla de\u011fi\u015ftirin: <strong>uzun menzilli sens\u00f6r<\/strong>&nbsp;ve d\u00fczenli bak\u0131m yap\u0131n.<br>\u25cfBir <strong>hava tahliye sistemi<\/strong>&nbsp;tozsuz bir ortam olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in.<br>\u25cf\u015eunu kullan\u0131n: <strong>radar seviyesi sayac\u0131<\/strong>, toz ve havada as\u0131l\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131klardan neredeyse hi\u00e7 etkilenmeyen.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S\u0131v\u0131 Y\u00fczeyindeki K\u00f6p\u00fck<\/td><td><strong>Olay:<\/strong>&nbsp;\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclen seviye, ger\u00e7ek s\u0131v\u0131 seviyesine de\u011fil k\u00f6p\u00fck y\u00fczeyine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir; aksi takdirde seviye tespit edilemez.<br><strong>Nedeni:<\/strong>&nbsp;K\u00f6p\u00fck, \u00e7e\u015fitli boyutlarda \u00e7ok say\u0131da kabarc\u0131ktan olu\u015fur. Ultrasonik dalgalar k\u00f6p\u00fck tabakas\u0131na girdi\u011finde, gaz-s\u0131v\u0131 aray\u00fczlerinde s\u00fcrekli da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k yans\u0131ma ve k\u0131r\u0131lma meydana gelir.<\/td><td>\u25cf\u015eunu kullan\u0131n: <strong>non-invaziv ultrasonik seviye sens\u00f6r\u00fc<\/strong>&nbsp;alt k\u0131s\u0131mdan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yapmak ve k\u00f6p\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn etkisini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in.<br>\u25cf\u015eunu kullan\u0131n: <strong>kapasitif seviye transmiteri<\/strong>, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kapasitans\u0131 do\u011frudan \u00f6l\u00e7en ve k\u00f6p\u00fckten etkilenmeyen bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<br>\u25cf\u015eunu kullan\u0131n: <strong>dalg\u0131\u00e7 seviye vericisi<\/strong>&nbsp;(bas\u0131n\u00e7 temelli) s\u0131v\u0131 seviyesini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Hareketli Ko\u015fullar<\/td><td><strong>Olay:<\/strong>&nbsp;Yanl\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm de\u011ferleri veya seviyenin alg\u0131lanamamas\u0131.<br><strong>Nedeni:<\/strong>&nbsp;S\u0131v\u0131 y\u00fczeyindeki \u015fiddetli dalgalanmalar ve y\u00fczey e\u011fimi, yank\u0131 yolunu de\u011fi\u015ftirerek yol uzunlu\u011funu art\u0131r\u0131r ve sinyal g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc azalt\u0131r.<\/td><td>\u25cf\u015eunu kullan\u0131n: <strong>kapasitif seviye transmiteri<\/strong>, s\u0131v\u0131 y\u00fczeyindeki dalgalanmalardan veya e\u011fimden etkilenmeyen.<br>\u25cf\u015eunu kullan\u0131n: <strong>dalg\u0131\u00e7 seviye vericisi<\/strong>&nbsp;(bas\u0131n\u00e7 temelli) s\u0131v\u0131 seviyesini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Metal ile Prob Temas<\/td><td><strong>Olay:<\/strong>&nbsp;Yanl\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm de\u011ferleri.<br><strong>Nedeni:<\/strong>&nbsp;Prob taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan ultrasonik dalgalar, metalle temas etti\u011finde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde yans\u0131r ve metalin titre\u015fimi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc etkilemeye devam eder.<\/td><td>\u25cf Sens\u00f6r\u00fc do\u011frudan metal \u00fczerine monte etmeyin; bir <strong>plastik adapt\u00f6r veya braket<\/strong>.<br>\u25cfMetal \u00fczerine montaj ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazsa, \u015funu ekleyin: <strong>lastik izolasyon contalar\u0131<\/strong>. Tek bir conta yetersiz kal\u0131rsa, birden fazla conta kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>III. I\u015f\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Kavram\u0131<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The The The The The The The The <strong>\u0131\u015f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>&nbsp;ultrasonik dalgalar\u0131n... anlam\u0131na gelir <strong>konik b\u00f6lgenin i\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131<\/strong>&nbsp;yay\u0131lma s\u0131ras\u0131nda ultrasonik enerjinin esas olarak yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 yer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu bir <strong>temel parametre<\/strong>&nbsp;ultrasonik seviye ve nokta seviye \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131n\u0131n (birim: derece \u00b0) ultrasonik kapsama alan\u0131n\u0131 belirlemesi. Ayr\u0131ca, kurulum s\u0131ras\u0131nda metal yap\u0131lar\u0131n ve kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesinde \u00f6nemli bir referans noktas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>I\u015f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile frekans aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki:<\/strong><br>Ayn\u0131 boyuttaki problar i\u00e7in, <strong>daha y\u00fcksek frekans, daha dar bir \u0131\u015f\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile sonu\u00e7lan\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>IV. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve K\u00f6r B\u00f6lge<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u015funu ifade eder: <strong>probun etkili bir \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yapabilece\u011fi maksimum mesafe<\/strong>. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn yap\u0131lamamas\u0131na veya hatal\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pratik uygulamalarda, genellikle gerekli olan ger\u00e7ek \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n <strong>10%\u201320%, teknik \u00f6zellik belgesinde belirtilen nominal aral\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fczerindedir<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015funlarla ilgilidir: <strong>verme g\u00fcc\u00fc ve al\u0131m hassasiyeti<\/strong>. \u0130letim g\u00fcc\u00fc ne kadar y\u00fcksek ve al\u0131m hassasiyeti ne kadar iyi olursa, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 da o kadar uzun olur. Genel olarak, <strong>d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck frekansl\u0131 problar daha y\u00fcksek iletim g\u00fcc\u00fc sa\u011flayabilir<\/strong>, bu nedenle daha geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip problar genellikle daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck frekanslarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>K\u00f6r Nokta<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00f6r b\u00f6lge, probun hemen alt\u0131nda bulunan ve burada do\u011fru \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 mesafeyi ifade eder. K\u00f6r b\u00f6lgeden daha k\u0131sa mesafelerin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn hatal\u0131 olmas\u0131na veya ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pratik uygulamalarda, ger\u00e7ekte gerekli olan k\u00f6r b\u00f6lgenin genellikle \u015fu \u015fekilde olmas\u0131 tavsiye edilir: <strong>10%\u201320%, teknik \u00f6zellik belgesinde belirtilen k\u00f6r b\u00f6lgeden daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fcr<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00f6r b\u00f6lgenin \u00f6z\u00fc \u015fudur: <strong>piezoelektrik serami\u011fin kal\u0131nt\u0131 titre\u015fimi<\/strong>. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fclen nesne proba \u00e7ok yak\u0131nsa, sens\u00f6r g\u00f6nderilen dalgalar ile geri d\u00f6nen yank\u0131lar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rt edemez ve bu da \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcn ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131na neden olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Genel olarak, <strong>Y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 problar, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck iletim g\u00fcc\u00fcne ve daha az kal\u0131nt\u0131 titre\u015fime sahiptir<\/strong>, bu da k\u00f6r alan\u0131n daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Bu, neden <strong>Ultrasonik sens\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve k\u00f6r b\u00f6lgesi her zaman orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>V. Ultrasonik Frekans<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bir seviye veya nokta seviye sens\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ultrasonik frekans\u0131, mekanik titre\u015fimi ifade eder<strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>Prob taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131lan ultrasonik dalgalar\u0131n frekans\u0131; birim olarak kilohertz (kHz) kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7o\u011fu KACISE ultrasonik prob, 30\u2013200 kHz aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r; 15 m ile 1 m aras\u0131ndaki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm aral\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kapsar ve k\u00f6r b\u00f6lgeleri 0,6 m ile 0,1 m aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ultrasonik Frekans ile Do\u011fruluk Aras\u0131ndaki \u0130li\u015fki<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daha y\u00fcksek frekansl\u0131 ultrasonik dalgalar daha k\u0131sa dalga boylar\u0131na sahiptir; bu da yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 y\u00fczeydeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin daha iyi tespit edilmesini sa\u011flayarak daha y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck ve mutlak do\u011fruluk sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck frekansl\u0131 ultrasonik dalgalar, daha uzun dalga boylar\u0131na, daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe ve nispeten daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck mutlak do\u011frulu\u011fa sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mutlak do\u011fruluk, ger\u00e7ek de\u011fer ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen de\u011fer aras\u0131ndaki mutlak fark\u0131 ifade eder. Teknik \u00f6zellik belgelerinde do\u011fruluk genellikle tam \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fin (FS) y\u00fczdesi olarak ifade edilir.<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I. Measurement Principle An ultrasonic transducer is made of piezoelectric ceramic material. Measurement is achieved through the process of converting electrical energy into mechanical energy and then back into electrical energy, based on the time required for this conversion. In other words, the working principle of an ultrasonic transducer is to emit ultrasonic waves and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[114],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23932","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ultrasonic-sensor"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23932","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23932"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23932\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23932"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23932"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kcsensor.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23932"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}